PART I - CLINICAL CASES |
1. HISTORY TAKING AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY |
1. |
Weight loss |
2 |
|
24. |
Heart burns |
5
|
2. |
Weight gain |
2 |
|
25. |
Vomiting |
5
|
3. |
Anorexia |
2 |
|
26. |
Hematemesis |
5
|
4. |
Fever |
2 |
|
27. |
Constipation |
5 |
5. |
Chest pain |
2 |
|
28. |
Flatulence |
6 |
6. |
Dyspnea |
2 |
|
29. |
Diarrhea |
6 |
7. |
Cough |
3 |
|
30. |
Bleeding per rectum |
6 |
8. |
Hemoptysis |
3 |
|
31. |
Jaundice |
6 |
9. |
Palpitations |
3 |
|
32. |
Epistaxis |
6 |
10. |
Syncope |
3 |
|
33. |
Bleeding gums |
6 |
11. |
Polyuria |
3 |
|
34. |
Hoarse voice |
7 |
12. |
Pyuria |
3 |
|
35. |
Itching |
7 |
13. |
Frequency of micturition and nocturia |
4 |
|
36. |
Hirsutism |
7 |
14. |
Hesitancy and precipitancy of urine |
4 |
|
37. |
Gynecomastia |
7 |
15. |
Retention of urine |
4 |
|
38. |
Backache |
7 |
16. |
Hematuria |
4 |
|
39. |
Hiccough |
8 |
17. |
Anuria |
4 |
|
40. |
Headache |
8 |
18. |
Pain in the loin |
4 |
|
41. |
Tinnitus |
8 |
19. |
Abdominal pain |
4 |
|
42. |
Tingling and numbness |
8 |
20. |
Dysphagia |
5 |
|
43. |
Cramps |
8 |
21. |
Water brash |
5 |
|
44. |
Intermittent claudication |
8 |
22. |
Indigestion |
5 |
|
45. |
Vertigo |
8 |
23. |
Eructation |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. GENERAL EXAMINATION
|
1. |
Built |
9 |
|
11. |
Skin and its appendages |
26 |
2. |
Body proportions |
11 |
|
12. |
Vertebral column |
29 |
3. |
Nutrition |
14 |
|
13. |
Thickened nerves |
30 |
4. |
Decubitus |
14 |
|
14. |
Joints |
30 |
5. |
Clubbing |
14 |
|
15. |
Temperature |
34 |
6. |
Cyanosis |
15 |
|
16. |
Pulse |
37 |
7. |
Jaundice |
19 |
|
17. |
Jugular venous pulse |
39 |
8. |
Pallor |
21 |
|
18. |
Blood pressure |
42 |
9. |
Lymphadenopathy |
22 |
|
19. |
Hypertension |
44 |
10. |
Edema |
24 |
|
20. |
Hypotension |
49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. ABDOMEN
|
1. |
Proforma |
51 |
|
10. |
Alcoholic liver disease |
77 |
2. |
Examination |
52
|
|
11. |
Malaria |
79 |
3. |
Hepatomegaly |
58 |
|
12. |
Kala azar |
85 |
4. |
Splenomegaly |
60 |
|
13. |
Typhoid |
87 |
5. |
Ascites |
63 |
|
14. |
Leukemia |
91 |
6. |
Abdominal lump |
64 |
|
15. |
Malignant lymphoma |
95 |
7. |
Acute viral hepatitis |
69 |
|
16. |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Disease Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) |
97 |
8. |
Cirrhosis of liver |
74 |
|
|
|
|
9. |
Portal hypertension |
75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
|
1. |
Proforma |
110 |
|
9. |
Pulmonary tuberculosis |
133 |
2. |
Examination |
111 |
|
10. |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
(COPD) (Emphysema and Chronic
Bronchitis) |
138 |
3. |
Pleural effusion |
120 |
|
11. |
Pneumonia |
140 |
4. |
Collapse of the lung |
126 |
|
12. |
Bronchiectasis |
143 |
5. |
Fibrosis of the lung |
127 |
|
13. |
Lung Abscess |
144 |
6. |
Pneumothorax |
128 |
|
|
|
|
7. |
Pulmonary cavity |
130 |
|
|
|
|
8. |
Bronchogenic carcinoma |
130 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
|
1. |
Proforma |
146 |
|
11. |
Aortic stenosis (AS) |
188 |
2. |
Examination |
147 |
|
12. |
Cyanotic congenital heart disease |
191 |
3. |
Rheumatic fever |
154 |
|
13. |
Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA) |
198 |
4. |
Infective endocarditis |
156 |
|
14. |
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) |
199 |
5. |
Ischemic heart disease |
159 |
|
15. |
Atrial septal defect (ASD) |
200 |
6. |
Cardiac failure |
170 |
|
16. |
Coarctation of Aorta |
202 |
7. |
Mitral stenosis (MS) |
174 |
|
17. |
Aneurysm of Aorta |
203 |
8. |
Mitral incompetence (MI) |
181 |
|
18. |
Pericardial effusion |
206 |
9. |
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) |
184 |
|
19. |
Cardiomyopathy |
207 |
10. |
Aortic incompetence (AI) / Aortic
Regurgitation (AR) |
185 |
|
20. |
Fitness for surgery (Pre-operative
Evaluation) |
209 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
|
1. |
Proforma |
210 |
|
8. |
Cerebellum |
271 |
2. |
Examination |
212 |
|
9. |
Syphilis of nervous system |
274 |
3. |
Cranial nerves |
235 |
|
10. |
Tuberculosis of nervous system |
277 |
4. |
Bulbar palsy |
255 |
|
11. |
Cerebrovascular diseases |
281 |
5. |
Hemiplegia |
256 |
|
12. |
Parkinsonism |
288 |
6. |
Paraplegia |
259 |
|
13. |
Coma |
295 |
7. |
Quadriplegia |
267 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PART II - TABLE-WORK |
7. MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
|
1. |
Cardiac arrest |
301 |
|
32. |
Respiratory acidosis |
324 |
2. |
Cardiac failure |
304 |
|
33. |
Metabolic acidosis |
324 |
3. |
Ischemic heart disease |
304 |
|
34. |
Respiratory alkalosis |
325 |
4. |
Stokes Adams syndrome |
304 |
|
35. |
Metabolic alkalosis |
325 |
5. |
Hypertensive crisis |
304 |
|
36. |
Dehydration |
325 |
6. |
Hypertensive encephalopathy |
305 |
|
37. |
Hypernatremia |
326 |
7. |
Shock |
305 |
|
38. |
Hyponatremia |
326 |
8. |
Anaphylactic shock |
307 |
|
39. |
Hyperkalemia |
326 |
9. |
Pulmonary embolism and
Deep Vein Thrombosis |
307 |
|
40. |
Hypokalemia |
327 |
10. |
Hemoptysis |
308 |
|
41. |
Acute hypercalcemia |
327 |
11. |
Bronchial asthma |
310 |
|
42. |
Amebic dysentery |
327 |
12. |
Respiratory failure |
311 |
|
43. |
Bacillary dysentery |
328 |
13. |
Tension pneumothorax |
312 |
|
44. |
Cholera |
328 |
14. |
Hematemesis |
313 |
|
45. |
Typhoid |
329 |
15. |
Acute gastroenteritis / Food poisoning |
314 |
|
46. |
Dengue |
329 |
16. |
Acute pancreatitis |
315 |
|
47. |
Leptospirosis |
329 |
17. |
Hepatic coma |
315 |
|
48. |
Diphtheria |
330 |
18. |
Coma |
316 |
|
49. |
Tetanus |
331 |
19. |
Meningitis |
316 |
|
50. |
Rabies |
331 |
20. |
Cerebrovascular diseases |
317 |
|
51. |
Cerebral malaria |
331 |
21. |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
317 |
|
52. |
Acute poisonings |
331 |
22. |
Epilepsy |
317 |
|
53. |
Organophosphorous compound
poisoning |
333 |
23. |
Sickle cell crisis |
319 |
|
54. |
Acute alcoholic intoxication |
333 |
24. |
Acute hemolytic crisis |
319 |
|
55. |
Barbiturate poisoning |
333 |
25. |
Aplastic anemia |
319 |
|
56. |
Acute salicylate poisoning |
334 |
26. |
Hemophilia |
320 |
|
57. |
Carbon monoxide poisoning |
334 |
27. |
Renal colic |
320 |
|
58. |
Carbon dioxide narcosis |
335 |
28. |
Acute retention of urine |
321 |
|
59. |
Snake bite |
335 |
29. |
Acute renal failure (ARF) |
321 |
|
60. |
Scorpion bite |
336 |
30. |
Diabetic ketoacidosis |
322 |
|
61. |
Hyperpyrexia |
338 |
31. |
Hypoglycemia |
323 |
|
62. |
Drowning |
338 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY |
1. |
Introduction |
339 |
|
6. |
Rhythm disturbances |
346 |
2. |
Normal ECG |
339 |
|
7. |
Conduction defects atrioventricular
block (AV block) |
353 |
3. |
Waves and complexes |
340 |
|
8. |
Effect of Drugs and electrolytes |
354 |
4. |
Myocardial infarction |
345 |
|
|
|
|
5. |
Ventricular Enlargement |
345 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. RADIOLOGY
|
1. |
X-ray chest |
356 |
|
5. |
Barium studies |
366 |
2. |
X-ray chest - Heart |
361 |
|
6. |
X-ray of bones |
370 |
3. |
Plain X-ray abdomen |
362 |
|
7. |
X-ray skull |
374 |
4. |
Urogenital system |
364 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. INSTRUMENTS
|
1. |
Endotracheal tube |
378 |
|
25. |
Record syringe and needle |
391 |
2. |
Tracheostomy tube |
379 |
|
26. |
B.D. Syringe and needle |
391 |
3. |
Laryngoscope |
380 |
|
27. |
Tuberculin syringe |
392 |
4. |
Oxygen mask and Oxygen Cannula
(Nasal Prongs) |
381 |
|
28. |
Insulin syringe |
392 |
5. |
Nebulizer chamber |
381 |
|
29. |
Lumbar puncture needle |
393 |
6. |
Metered dose inhaler |
381 |
|
30. |
Cisternal puncture needle |
393 |
7. |
Spacehaler |
382 |
|
31. |
Vim’s Silverman’s needle |
393 |
8. |
Rotahaler |
382 |
|
32. |
Menghini’s needle and syringe |
393 |
9. |
Nelson’s inhaler |
382 |
|
33. |
Bone Marrow aspiration needle |
394 |
10. |
Ambu bag
(Self-inflating Ventillation Bag) |
382 |
|
34. |
Pleural biopsy needle |
394 |
11. |
Airway |
383 |
|
35. |
Trucut needle |
394 |
12. |
Mouth gag |
384 |
|
36. |
Southey’s tube and needle |
394 |
13. |
Tongue depressor |
384 |
|
37. |
Tourniquet |
395 |
14. |
Trocar and cannula |
384 |
|
38. |
Venesection needle |
395 |
15. |
Asepto syringe and bulb |
385 |
|
39. |
Scalp vein needle |
395 |
16. |
Simple rubber catheter |
385 |
|
40. |
Pleural or ascitic aspiration needle |
395 |
17. |
Foley's self-retaining catheter |
385 |
|
41. |
Intravenous Cannulas
(venflow or angiocath) |
395 |
18. |
Malecot's catheter |
387 |
|
42. |
Three way |
396 |
19. |
Condom catheter |
388 |
|
43. |
I.V. Set |
396 |
20. |
Urosac bag |
388 |
|
44. |
Clinical thermometer |
397 |
21. |
Stomach tube |
388 |
|
45. |
Flatus tube |
398 |
22. |
Ryle's tube (RT) or Nasogastric Tube |
389 |
|
46. |
Proctoscope |
398 |
23. |
Sengstaken Blakemore tube (S.B. Tube) |
390 |
|
47. |
Stethoscope |
399 |
24. |
Infant feeding tube |
391 |
|
48. |
Central Venous Catheter |
399 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11. PROCEDURES
|
1. |
Transvenous pacing |
401 |
|
11. |
Ascitic tapping |
412 |
2. |
Cardioversion |
401 |
|
12. |
Gastric analysis |
412 |
3. |
Lumbar puncture |
402 |
|
13. |
Glucose tolerance test (G.T.T.) |
413 |
4. |
Cisternal puncture |
406 |
|
14. |
Intravenous therapy |
414 |
5. |
Liver biopsy |
406 |
|
15. |
Subcutaneous infusions |
416 |
6. |
Kidney biopsy |
408 |
|
16. |
Tracheostomy |
416 |
7. |
Bone marrow aspiration |
409 |
|
17. |
Oxygen therapy |
417 |
8. |
Pleural fluid aspiration |
410 |
|
18. |
Enema |
418
|
9. |
Aspiration of pneumothorax cavity |
410 |
|
19. |
Parenteral hyperalimentation |
419 |
10. |
Pericardial aspiration |
411 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. HEMATOLOGY
|
1. |
Blood collection |
421 |
|
11. |
Electronic cell counters |
432 |
2. |
Preparation of blood |
422 |
|
12. |
Red cell indices |
434 |
3. |
Hemoglobin estimation |
425 |
|
13. |
Red cell morphology |
434 |
4. |
Packed cell volume (PCV) |
426 |
|
14. |
Anemias |
436 |
5. |
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (E.S.R.) |
427 |
|
15. |
Differential leucocyte count |
442 |
6. |
Reticulocyte count |
428 |
|
16. |
Parasites in blood |
444 |
7. |
Osmotic fragility of RBCs |
429 |
|
17. |
Leukemias |
444 |
8. |
Total red cell count |
430 |
|
18. |
Multiple Myeloma |
444 |
9. |
Total white cell count |
431 |
|
19. |
Coagulation studies |
446 |
10. |
Platelet count |
432 |
|
20. |
Normal Hematological Values |
547 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
|
1. |
Urine examination |
452 |
|
3. |
Feces examination |
458 |
2. |
Sputum |
458 |
|
4. |
Helminthic infections |
460 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14. PATHOLOGY SPECIMENS
|
1. |
Central nervous system |
467 |
|
5. |
Large intestines |
473 |
2. |
Cardiovascular system |
468 |
|
6. |
Liver |
474 |
3. |
Lung |
470 |
|
7. |
Kidney |
476 |
4. |
Small intestine |
473 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15. DRUGS
|
1. |
Cardiovascular Drugs |
478 |
|
4. |
Drugs in Central Nervous System
Diseases |
498 |
a. |
Inotropic Drugs |
478 |
|
a. |
Opioids |
498 |
b. |
Anti-arrhythmic Drugs |
479
|
|
b. |
Analgesics & Anti-inflammatory Drugs |
499 |
c. |
Anti-anginal Agents |
482 |
|
c. |
Drugs in Migraine |
501 |
d. |
Anti-hypertensive Agents |
483 |
|
d. |
Drugs in Gout and Arthritis |
502 |
e. |
Anti-thrombotic Agents |
489 |
|
e. |
Anti-epileptic Drugs |
502 |
f. |
Heparins/Aprotinin |
489 |
|
f. |
Muscles Relaxants |
504 |
g. |
Diuretics |
490 |
|
g. |
Anti-psychotic Drugs |
505 |
2. |
Autonomic Nervous System |
492 |
|
h. |
Sedatives / Hypnotics |
506 |
a. |
Catecholamines |
492 |
|
i. |
Anti-depressants |
508 |
b. |
Cholinergic & Anti-cholinergic Agents |
493 |
|
j. |
Anti-parkinsonism Drugs |
509 |
3. |
Drugs in Respiratory Diseases |
494 |
|
k. |
Drugs in Stroke |
511 |
a. |
Anti-asthma Agents |
494 |
|
l. |
Drugs in Degenerative Brain Disorders |
511 |
b. |
Agents for Cough and Expectoration |
496 |
|
5. |
Antibacterial Agents |
512 |
c. |
Anti-allergic Drugs |
497 |
|
a. |
Sulfonamides |
512 |
d. |
Serotoninergic Agents |
497 |
|
b. |
Quinolones |
513
|
|
|
|
|
c. |
Beta-lactams |
514 |
|
|
|
|
d. |
Macrolides |
516 |
|
|
|
|
e. |
Aminoglycosides |
517 |
|
|
|
|
f. |
Tetracyclines |
518 |
6. |
Anti-tuberculous Drugs |
518 |
|
g. |
Chloramphenicol |
518 |
7. |
Anti-leprosy Drugs |
520 |
|
16. |
Anti-malignancy Agents |
533
|
8. |
Anti-amoebic Drugs |
521 |
|
17. |
Hemopoietic Drugs |
535 |
9. |
Drugs for Kala- azar |
522 |
|
18. |
Chelating Agents |
537 |
10. |
Anti-malarial Drugs |
522 |
|
19. |
Drugs in Endocrine Disorders |
537 |
11. |
Anti-helminthic Agents |
524 |
|
20. |
Drugs for Diabetes |
541 |
12. |
Anti-fungal Agents |
527 |
|
21. |
Lipid Lowering Agents |
542 |
13. |
Anti-viral Agents |
529 |
|
22. |
Gastro-intestinal Drugs |
543 |
14. |
Anti-retroviral Agents for HIV Infection |
530 |
|
23. |
Electrolytes |
545 |
15. |
Alcohol |
532 |
|
24. |
Plasma Expanders |
546 |